At Bricklayer Glasgow, we pride ourselves on our expertise in brickwork. Over the years, we’ve noticed that many homeowners and even some professionals make common mistakes when pointing brickwork. These mistakes can lead to a range of issues, from aesthetic problems to structural concerns. In this article, we’ll delve into these mistakes and provide guidance on how to avoid them.
Key Takeaways:
- Pointing and repointing are essential for maintaining the appearance and waterproofing of a wall.
- There are different styles of pointing, each with its own set of considerations.
- Proper preparation of the joints is crucial for successful repointing.
- Waterproofing the wall after repointing enhances its durability.
The Importance of Proper Brick Pointing
Pointing and repointing brickwork involve creating a smooth mortar joint to ensure the wall remains sound and weatherproof. While pointing is done during the construction of the wall, repointing is the process of renewing the mortar of an already built wall. The method you choose for pointing should consider the type of wall, its location, and the need to match the pointing of surrounding brickwork.
Common Mistakes in Pointing Brickwork
Choosing the Wrong Mortar Mix
The mortar mix plays a pivotal role in the longevity and appearance of the brickwork. Using an inappropriate mix can lead to:
- Premature deterioration: The mortar may crumble or wear down faster than expected.
- Aesthetic issues: The mortar might not match the surrounding area, leading to an inconsistent appearance.
Improper Joint Preparation
Before repointing, it’s essential to prepare the joints adequately. This involves:
- Removing loose mortar: Use an old screwdriver or cold chisel to scrape out any loose mortar. For very crumbly mortar, a stiff wire brush might suffice.
- Cleaning the joints: Once the old mortar is removed, use an old paintbrush to get rid of any dust from the gap. This ensures the new mortar adheres properly.
Using Incorrect Tools
The right tools make a significant difference in the outcome. For instance, using a pointing trowel ensures the mortar is applied evenly and smoothly. On the other hand, using inappropriate tools can lead to uneven mortar lines or damage to the bricks.
Inadequate Curing Time
Mortar needs time to set and cure. Rushing this process can lead to:
- Weak joints: The mortar might not bond properly with the bricks, leading to weak joints.
- Cracking: The mortar might develop cracks if it dries too quickly.
Tips for Effective Brick Pointing
Mortar Pointing Styles
There are several styles to choose from when pointing brickwork:
- Flush Joints: These are created by over-filling the joints, allowing the mortar to harden slightly, then cutting off the excess and rubbing it down until it’s flush with the brick’s surface.
- Keyed Joints: Achieved by pressing a piece of hose pipe or similar-sized tube along the joints while the mortar is still wet, resulting in a smooth, concave joint.
- Weatherstruck Joints: These are sloped outward at the bottom, allowing rainwater to drain off easily. This style is especially beneficial in areas with high rainfall.
Repointing the Wall
Repointing is essential when the mortar between bricks starts to deteriorate due to natural elements. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
- Prepare the Joints: As mentioned earlier, remove any loose or crumbly mortar and clean the joints.
- Apply the Mortar: Use a pointing trowel to push the mortar firmly into the joints. Start with the upright joints, then move to the horizontal ones, working from top to bottom.
- Choose a Pointing Style: Decide on a style (Flush, Keyed, or Weatherstruck) and apply it consistently across the wall.
Waterproofing the Wall
After repointing, it’s a good idea to waterproof the wall to prevent water penetration and improve insulation. Apply a masonry water-repellent solution, ensuring all bricks and joints are covered.
Advanced Pointing Techniques
Brick pointing is both an art and a science. While the basics are crucial, there are advanced techniques that can enhance the durability and appearance of your brickwork. We’ll delve into these in the next part of this article.
Advanced Pointing Techniques
Brick pointing, while seemingly straightforward, encompasses a variety of techniques. Each technique has its own set of considerations, and the choice often depends on the desired appearance and the specific requirements of the masonry work. At Bricklayer Glasgow, we’ve mastered these techniques over the years, ensuring our clients receive top-notch brickwork that stands the test of time.
Types of Pointing
Flush Pointing
In flush pointing, mortar is firmly pressed into the raked joints and finished flush with the edge of the masonry units. The edges are neatly trimmed with a trowel and straight edge. This method is durable and extensively used due to its resistance to dust and water.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Durable | Less aesthetic appeal |
| Resists dust and water |
Recessed Pointing
Here, the mortar is pressed back by 5mm or more from the edges, keeping the face of the pointing vertical. This type offers a very appealing appearance.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Aesthetically pleasing | Slightly less durable than flush pointing |
Beaded Pointing
Achieved using a tool with a concave edge, beaded pointing offers a good appearance but is more susceptible to damage compared to other types.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Aesthetically pleasing | Easily damaged |
Struck Pointing
A modification of flush pointing, the face of the pointing is kept inclined, with its upper edge pressed inside by 10mm. This design allows for easy water drainage.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Drains water easily | Less aesthetic appeal |
Rubbed, Keyed, or Grooved Pointing
Another modification of flush pointing, a groove is formed at its mid-height using a pointing tool, enhancing its appearance.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Aesthetically pleasing | Slightly less durable than flush pointing |
Tuck Pointing
Mortar is pressed into the raked joint first and finished flush with the face. A groove or narrow channel is then cut in the centre of the groove, which is filled with white cement putty, projecting beyond the face of the joint.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Unique appearance | More complex to achieve |
V-Pointing
A V-groove is formed in the flush-finishing face, offering a distinct appearance.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Distinct appearance | Slightly less durable than flush pointing |
Weathered Pointing
This technique involves creating a projection in the form of a V-shape, ensuring better water runoff.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Drains water effectively | Less aesthetic appeal |
Preparation and Application
Before diving into the pointing process, it’s essential to prepare the surface. All joints in masonry should be raked down to a depth of 20mm while the mortar is still soft. The joints and surface are then cleaned and thoroughly wetted. Once prepared, mortar is carefully placed in the joints using a small trowel. The mortar should be pressed hard to ensure a strong bond with the old interior mortar.
Waterproofing the Wall
After the pointing process, it’s crucial to waterproof the wall to prevent water penetration and improve insulation. This involves applying a masonry water-repellent solution, ensuring all bricks and joints are covered.
